Our Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement is based on COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors. Therefore, this journal adheres to the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors and the Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers.

Publication ethics in scholarly journals are crucial to ensuring integrity, quality, and trust in the article publication process. Below are some relevant principles of publication ethics:

Neutrality: All parties involved in the publication process, including authors, editors, and peer reviewers, must be free from conflicts of interest. Editorial decisions should be based on intellectual content regardless of factors such as race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, nationality, or political philosophy of the authors.

Fairness: Authorship rights should be granted to deserving authors. Editors must ensure that authors are acknowledged as the intellectual owners of the work they produce.

Honesty: Publications must be free from duplication, fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism (DF2P). Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and not disclose manuscript information to third parties without written consent from the authors.

Publisher's Responsibilities: Publishers have a responsibility to ensure that advertising, reprints, or other commercial revenue does not influence editorial decisions. Publishers should also facilitate communication with other journals or publishers if necessary.

Publication Decisions: Editors are responsible for deciding which articles to publish. The validity of the work and its significance to researchers and readers should always be the primary consideration.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest: Unpublished material disclosed in submitted manuscripts should not be used in the editor's own research without written consent from the authors.